10 Fascinating World War II Aircraft That Are Now Extinct

World War II brought a massive shift in the use of aircraft for military purposes. Planes evolved from their early role in World War I, where they primarily engaged in dogfights and reconnaissance, to a vital part of all aspects of warfare. The war saw different types of aircraft developed for specific tasks such as fighters, bombers, and transport planes. As the war progressed, each major power rushed to build and improve its aircraft to gain air superiority. Many of these planes, once essential to the war effort, have now disappeared. Here’s a look at ten World War II planes that are no longer in service but played a significant role during the war.

1. Messerschmitt Bf 109

The Messerschmitt Bf 109 was Germany’s main fighter during much of World War II. Introduced in 1937, it was first used in the Spanish Civil War and later became a key aircraft in the Luftwaffe’s arsenal. On the Eastern Front, it was especially effective against Soviet forces. The Bf 109 outmatched Soviet planes in speed, firepower, and maneuverability, which contributed to the high number of Soviet aircraft lost during Operation Barbarossa. By the time the Americans entered the war, the Bf 109 had started to lose its dominance on the Western Front. However, it remained an important tool for the German air force until the end of the war in 1945.

2. Hawker Hurricane

The Hawker Hurricane played a crucial role for Britain, especially during the Battle of Britain. Though it was often overshadowed by the more famous Spitfire, the Hurricane was responsible for shooting down more enemy aircraft during the battle. It was versatile, serving in Europe, North Africa, and even the Pacific. The plane’s rugged design allowed it to withstand significant damage and still continue flying, making it a favorite among pilots. The Hurricane was also adapted for various roles, including as a fighter-bomber and night fighter. It remained in service for much of the war, helping to defend Britain and support Allied operations across multiple theaters.

3. Macchi C.205 Veltro

Italy’s finest fighter plane, the Macchi C.205 Veltro, was highly regarded for its speed and agility. Despite Italy’s limited industrial capacity, this aircraft was able to challenge Allied planes, including the American P-51 Mustang. Although it was an advanced design, the C.205 suffered from limited production numbers, meaning it couldn’t have the impact Italy hoped for in the air war. Germany even used a small number of these aircraft, recognizing their capability in the Mediterranean Theater. Unfortunately, Italy’s war effort was too far gone for the Veltro to make a significant difference, but it remains remembered for its impressive performance.

4. Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa

Known as the “Oscar,” the Nakajima Ki-43 was Japan’s most agile fighter aircraft. Similar in design to the more famous Mitsubishi Zero, it was often confused with it by Allied forces. The Ki-43 excelled in maneuverability and was responsible for many Allied losses in the Pacific. However, its light frame made it vulnerable once hit, as it lacked armor. Despite these weaknesses, it continued to be used throughout the war and even saw action in China after World War II. Its reliability kept it in service far longer than many other Japanese aircraft.

5. FFVS J 22

Sweden, although neutral during World War II, developed the FFVS J 22 as a means of defense. With the potential threat from both Germany and the Soviet Union, Sweden wanted to ensure it had a capable fighter aircraft to protect its airspace. The J 22, while not mass-produced, was fast and agile, making it a worthy adversary. Its reputation alone may have played a role in deterring aggression against Sweden. The aircraft was retired after the war, as Sweden modernized its air force, but its legacy as a wartime deterrent remains notable.

6. Yakovlev Yak-3

The Yak-3 was the Soviet Union’s most effective fighter plane during the latter part of the war. After early setbacks with other designs, Soviet engineers created the Yak-3 to address the weaknesses in their air force. Production began in 1944, and although it came late in the war, the Yak-3 made a significant impact on the Eastern Front. It was fast, light, and easy to handle, making it popular with both experienced and new pilots. The Yak-3 was effective against older German planes, particularly the Bf 109, and helped the Soviet air force gain momentum in the final years of the conflict.

7. Focke-Wulf Fw 190

The Focke-Wulf Fw 190 was another key German fighter introduced during the war. It was designed to complement and eventually replace the Bf 109, and it did so with some success. The Fw 190 was used on both the Western and Eastern fronts, but its primary role was in defending German-held territory against Allied bombing raids. It was highly regarded for its performance in ground-attack missions, especially against Soviet forces. Despite its strengths, the Fw 190 never fully replaced the Bf 109, and the two planes often operated together in combat.

8. Republic P-47 Thunderbolt

The American-made P-47 Thunderbolt was one of the heaviest and most durable fighter planes of World War II. It was used extensively by Allied forces in Europe, especially for ground-attack missions. The plane’s toughness and firepower made it an excellent fighter-bomber, and it was capable of withstanding heavy damage. The P-47 was also flown by Brazilian forces in the Mediterranean, showcasing the international cooperation of the Allied effort. It was eventually replaced by newer models after the war, but its role in the Allied victory is well-remembered.

9. de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito

The Mosquito was one of the most versatile aircraft of the war, designed by the British as a fast, unarmed reconnaissance plane. However, it quickly proved useful in multiple roles, including as a bomber and fighter-bomber. Its lightweight wooden frame allowed it to outrun many of the enemy’s planes. The Mosquito was used in a wide range of missions, from bombing raids over Germany to supporting operations in Southeast Asia. Despite its unusual construction, the Mosquito was beloved by pilots and ground crews alike for its reliability and effectiveness.

10. CAC Boomerang

Australia’s entry into aircraft production during the war came in the form of the CAC Boomerang. The Boomerang was designed as a fighter to counter the Japanese air threat in the Pacific, but it struggled in performance against more advanced enemy aircraft. Although it had a rough start and faced many limitations, it was still valuable in Australia’s defense efforts. The Boomerang ultimately gave way to American and British planes, but it remains a symbol of Australia’s determination to contribute to the war effort.